HELSINKI PHILHARMONIC ORCHESTRA (HELSINKI CITY ORCHESTRA), founded by Robert Kajanus (see KAJANUS, ROBERT) on August 30, 1882, as the Helsinki Orchestral Society.
Earlier attempts to start an orchestra had been attempted by Pacius, in 1834, a group which lasted four years (see PACIUS, FREDRIK). The Symphonic Society, begun in 1845, lasted only until the beginning of the Crimean War in 1854. In 1860 Filip von Schantz (see SCHANTZ, FILIP VON) started a theater orchestra for the Swedish Theater,...