Pakistan

In the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Muslim culture is expressed through various religious traditions: the call to prayer, Qur’ānic recitation, the chanting of religious poetry, and hymn recitation and chanting. Independent of Islamic orthodoxy, however, music and dance find expression in the varied regional traditions of Pakistan’s cultural and linguistic groups, in the practice and performance (albeit declining) of Hindustani classical music, and in the thriving production of Westernized pop and...